Captain America Issue 14

GENERAL KNOWLEDGE Pt II

• What is the relationship thinness?

Columns used for construction has a definite value called the load or deformation crippling burden loadthe in which the column bends or buckles, but does not break. The usable length of the column is length of an equivalent column of the same material and cross-sectional area and hinged ends with the value of the crippling burden equal to the data column. The smaller turning radius is turning radius where the moment at least inertia is considered. The ratio of effective length of the turning radius at least is called the rate of slenderness of the column.

• WHAT IS SQUARE special about the temple?

Temple Square, in Utah is a very religious place for members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. It is symbolic of the sacred ordinances and covenants that take place there For Mormons, the Gospel of Jesus is not complete without Temples of Temple Square is special because it remembers the sacrifices of Mormon pioneers who erected it. It is also the headquarters of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Days.

• WHO'S DISCOVERED rings of Saturn?

Christian Huygens, Dutch physicist and astronomer, discovered that Saturn has rings. He also discovered Titan, Saturn's moon.

• IS there a magnet with a single pole?

Magnets found in nature and those made by man, are found to have two poles, without exception. By contrast, electric rates can be separated from each other. Several experiments to detect magnetic monopoles have been inconclusive.

• When will the first balloon Manned flight has place?

In the late eighteenth century two French papermakers, the brothers of Mont player, began experimenting with hot air balloons. On October 15, 1783, a French scientist, Francois de Rozier became the first person to make a balloon flight. He rose to a height of 80 meters in a balloon made by golfers Mont.

• WHAT VSAT stands for?

Means VSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal. VSAT nodes are networked together using an antenna aimed at a geostationary satellite. VSAT technology is used for transmitting information and is extremely popular in the banking and financial services, manufacturing and piecemeal linking government offices.

• YOU OFBUCKYBALLS heard?

Buck balls are microscopic spheres of 60 carbon atoms that resemble a dome. They have large cavities enough to hold other atoms – even full molecules. Unless heated to very high, the contents of the wells do not arise. This has huge potential in medicine, mechanical, miniature, battery technology and materials of high resistance.

• WHAT WINTER is nuclear '?

"Nuclear Winter" is used to describe the consequences of a nuclear explosion caused by a nuclear war or an accident nuclear. The impact of the explosion was so devastating that no measurable amounts of dust and smoke would be released to the terrestrial stratosphere. This block of energy sunlight reaching the Earth's surface, thereby decreasing the temperature. The term of this effect would be determined by the intensity of the explosion. "Nuclear winter" that threaten the existence of life on Earth.

• As a lighter work?

Certain crystalline materials (like quartz, salt | Rochelle and some ceramics) have piezoelectric behavior. When you apply pressure on them, you have a charge separation within the crystal and a voltage across the crystal that is sometimes extremely high. For example, in a barbecue lighter, the popping noise you hear is a little spring-loaded hammer hitting a crystal and generating thousands of volts between the faces of the crystal. A voltage this high is identical to the strain that carries a spark plug in a gasoline engine. The voltage of the crystal can generate a good spark that lights the gas on the grid.

• How DO KNOW OF A PILOT route to a destination he is flying?

Pilots rely heavily on computerized controls and with the assistance of autopilot and flight management computer, steer the plane along their planned route. They are monitored by air traffic control "stations pass along the way. They regularly check their fuel supply, the condition of their engines and air conditioning, hydraulic and other systems. Pilots may request a change in altitude or route if circumstances dictate.

• WHAT KIND OF CURE DID PIONEER DR EDWARD BACH?

Dr. Edward Bach pioneered a kind of healing therapy called flower remedy. This is predominantly mental and emotional manifestations of the disease, based on administration of resources from those parts of flowering plants. Dr. Bach total 38 found enough medicine to treat the most common negative moods that afflict humanity. After his death, many remedies have been added and now the total exceeding 200. He believed that the drugs were divinely enriched.

• Why do we feel that the air is fresh after the rain?

People living in cities like Mumbai, Delhi and Bangalore are bound to feel the air is fresh after the first big monsoon showers. This is because the overthrow of the Bowers sky ill, gases like sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, etc. The monsoon rains in the first place, however, reason to many newly planted seedlings in these cities.

• The filament of a light bulb is heated to high temperatures LOT. How it DOES NOT BUM?

The filament does not bum because the bulb is filled with an inert gas such as argon and nitrogen. Oxygen is required for any combustion.

• Asteroids are WHAT?

• Who invented the bicycle?

The first known patent for a machine that resembled a bicycle was Jean Theson given in 1645. He had four wheels and was driven by two men. The first two-wheeled machine was invented by a Frenchman, Baron Karl Drais de (Baron von Drais) in 1818. But he did not pick up. What was captured on a bicycle, invented by a blacksmith Kirkpatrick Macmillan of Scotland.

• As forests HELP to prevent flooding?

A major reason for flooding is soil erosion area near THD Banks of

River. Forests have a dense cluster of trees on them. Tree roots to hold soil and prevent erosion. It is therefore important that trees should not be cut indiscriminately, especially near the banks of rivers.

• THE volcanic explosions and earthquakes also occur in the oceans?

The waves that we see in the seas and oceans are caused mainly by air currents. The size of the waves depends on wind speed and how long the wind was blowing. Tide and are caused by the attraction of the Moon (and to some extent, the attraction the Sun) on the water. Mighty waves such as tsunamis are caused by earthquakes beneath the surface of the water in the seas and oceans.

• WHAT IS viscosity?

Viscosity is a property observed in fluid that offers resistance to a body moving through them. It is equivalent to friction. When a body falls through a viscous fluid, reaches a terminal velocity or uniform speed due to the viscous force which balances gravity.

• WHY we can move more easily in wet sand than dry sand?

You do not come through Newton's laws of motion? Everyone remains in a state of rest or uniform dynamics, unless compelled to do otherwise by a form (external) force. Walking is possible because the ground on which we walk offers some resistance. Assuming that the resistance is zero, the foot that is put forward will follow forward and you will fall. Even dry sand offers some resistance. That's why you can walk on it, if you're careful. Wet sand offers more resistance and therefore you can walk more easily on wet sand.

• WHAT IS RETRO rocket?

The first Newton law of motion governing a spacecraft traveling in space: he continues to travel at a uniform speed. Since there is no reaction in space, a retro-rockets fired in the opposite direction of motion, reduces the speed of the spacecraft.

• WHAT TORQUEWRENCH?

• AN is a medical physician. Specialize WHAT IT IN?

An ENT is a physician who specializes in problems of the ear, nose and throat (ENT). Myocardial infarction is the technical term for …? Unique is the application of liquid nitrogen to destroy the warts.

• WHAT is the wind factor?

Wind chill is the rate of loss of body heat due to air movement. In simple language, a strong wind can make a lot colder than the temperature. Paul Siple coined this term in 1939 during an expedition Antarctic.

• WHAT is eutrophication?

The process by which water becomes more nourished or through the natural process of aging or artificial processes.

• What is a diamond Done?

A 100 million tears ago, when Earth was cooling carbon deposits were exposed to extreme heat and pressure by molten rocks. These deposits crystallized form diamond mines. Moreover, diamond is the hardest material known to mankind. If so, then how is the diamond cutting of various shapes for use in jewelry? Saws made of diamond cut diamond dust. Over 80 percent of diamonds are used in industry.

• WHAT IS HOME CAR-RE?

When a spaceship returns to earth, she finds great friction of the atmosphere that generates heat. To ensure the safety Astronauts and expensive equipment, the craft is armored using heat-resistant material. Scientists from the former Soviet Union were the first to deploy the re-entry vehicle successfully in the early sixties.

• Ozone is WHAT?

Ozone is an allotropic form oxygen. It is used in water purification and treatment of gangrene. His presence is crucial in the upper atmosphere as it absorbs ultraviolet radiation energy. Industrial and vehicular pollution, resulted in the decrease of this molecule to save lives and is a concern for environmental scientists.

• WHAT is hydroponics?

Hydroponics is often defined as the cultivation of plants in water. Once that many households or plant growth media to support the definition was expanded to view the growing plants without soil growers use hydroponic techniques due to lack water supply or fertile farmland. Home gardeners have used it to grow year round and fresh vegetables to grow plants in smaller spaces. Greenhouses and nurseries grow their plants in hydroponics, peat or bark-based mix of growth.

• WHAT Sidereal Time?

A sidereal year is the time it takes the Sun to move from one position relative to a fixed star and back to the same position again, as seen from the same location on Earth. This is equivalent to 365 days, 6 hours, 9 minutes and 11 seconds.

• WHY The balloon is called the poor SATELLITE man?

Unlike hot air balloons, which are used in sports, hydrogen is used to fill scientific purposes; metrology and military. They can carry payloads of several tons. They are used extensively for astronomical observations, especially for the study of X-ray emission of stars.

• WHAT Coriolis Force?

Whenever a body moves in a path circular, experience the centripetal force toward the center of the circle. If you walk into a bus that is taking a turn, an additional force acts on you. It is called the Coriolis force, a force that emanates from two simultaneous movements of the same body.

• WHO He is the father of the gas-filled bulbs?

Irving Langmuir studied the chemical reactions at high temperatures and low pressures. One of the spin-offs research was the development of gas-filled lamps.

• WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A NUCLEAR atomic and BOMB9

Nuclear bombs are of two types – those that depend on fission, and atomic bombs, and those dependent on fusion, as hydrogen bombs. The former get their explosive energy the separation of atoms in materials such as uranium and plutonium, which occurs automatically. On the other hand, hydrogen bombs, which are also known as thermonuclear bombs, depend on the fusion of atoms, as is occurring in our sun, the release of much larger amounts of energy than atomic bombs. The fusion requires very high temperatures, atomic bombs, therefore, are generally used as triggers for hydrogen bombs. Thus, each atom bomb is an atomic bomb, but every nuclear bomb is a bomb.

• WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN cyclone, HURRICANE, Tornado and Twister?

Technically, a cyclone is any kind of circular wind storm. But now, it is only used to describe a strong tropical storm found off the coast of India. Hurricanes and typhoons are the same thing but in different places. On the coast of Florida, it is called a hurricane. In the Philippines it is called a typhoon. Hurricanes occur in the Atlantic and typhoons in the Pacific. Basically, hurricanes and typhoons form over water are enormous, while tornados form over land and are much smaller in size. A hurricane is a violent storm characterized by a twisting, funnel-shaped cloud. Us United States, twister is used as aa colloquial term for tornado.

• WHEN DOES RESONANCE occur?

Resonance occurs when two or more objects naturally vibrate at the same frequency and the sound produced by an object, causes the other to vibrate. Strings attached speakers or air to vibrate at particular frequencies result in the generation of music. Resonance can be destructive too. Make individual pieces can resonate damage Bridges. This happens when a strong wind or a mechanized army convoy passes over it.

• YOU KNOW WHAT HAPPENS WHEN ANTI CLASH particles?

Each elementary particle is known to have a particle with anti opposite. When the two meet, they annihilate each other and give energy twice the mass of the particle.

• WHO DISCOVERED PIEZO-ELECTRIC EFFECT?

modern kitchens are equipped with piezo lighters. Certain substances produce current when subjected to pressure. Pierre Curie, husband of Mary and co-discoverer of radio, who was discovered piezoelectricity.

• WHAT inertia?

1. It is the property of a body to remain in a resting state or uniform motion unless acted on by an outside agency. It is believed that the mass of a body is the overall measure of its inertia. Scientists are conducting experiments to distinguish between man inertial and gravitational mass.

• Who invented the precise nature of planetary motion?

Johannes Kepler, German astronomer, planned major laws of planetary motion. After 17 years of observation, Kepler discovered that the orbits of planets around the sun are ellipses and not circles.

• WHY IMPORTANT are the quarks?

"Three quarks to gather brand, "said James Joyce. In fact, three quarks fusing to form nucleons: protons and neutrons that comprise atomic nuclei. Quarks are believed to be the basic building blocks of matter.

• WHERE ARE transuranic elements found?

transuranic elements are not found in nature but were created artificially in the laboratory. They represent atomic numbers 93-109, listed after the last stable element, uranium.

• How is the NAME OF CONNECTED BROGLIE with wavelength?

1. In modern physics, wave-particle duality of the microscopic world continues to battle the scientists. The light is made of waves, but can also be described as consisting of tiny particles called photons. A subatomic particle can be described as having wave properties. De Broglie, French physicist, was the first to give a formula for the "wave" of the particle.

• WHY The robot is called so?

The word originates from the Slavic "Robota7, or compulsory labor. Robots are used in hazardous environments. Now robots were also fed by intelligence artificial.

• WHAT PARAFILAX?

1. Parallax is the apparent shift of an astronomical object, due to changes in the field observers. The simple fact of seeing stars from the earth instead of its center of geocentric parallax, while heliocentric parallax occurs because the observation is performed from the ground and not the sun. In modern photography, this term is used to describe the difference between the vision of an object through the lens of a camera and viewed through a separate viewfinder.

• THAT is the major missile test center in the world?

Poker Flat Research Range (PFRR) is the world's largest series of rockets land. It has a chain of control flight downrange, observing stations and recovery pathways Alaska to Spitzbergen in the Arctic Ocean. Poker Flat is a mechanism for launching sounding rockets 30 miles northeast of Fairbanks used to auroral and middle to upper atmospheric research. The Geophysical Institute of the University of Alaska at Fairbanks, operates it.

• HELP for how forests prevent flooding?

A major reason for flooding is soil erosion area on the banks of river. F'orests have a dense cluster of trees on them. Tree roots to hold soil and prevent erosion. Therefore, it is important that the trees do not must be cut indiscriminately, especially near the banks of rivers.

• WHY ARE Nobel Prizes given only in Norway and in no other country?

The Nobel Prizes were founded by Alfred Nobel, Norwegian chemist, and industrial engineer.

• Why do some space between the railroad tracks?

You should have learned in school that heat expands and cold contracts. This means that as a result of heat, all the organs to expand. (There are rare exfor this expansion, a little space is left between the rails.

• How is the instrument to measure the intensity of earthquakes calibrated?

"The Richter Scale is used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake. Magnitude is a measure of the size of an earthquake, but instead of being a direct measure of the intensity of the ground tremble, it is a reflection of the strength of seismic sound waves emitted by the earthquake, a phenomenon that can be detected at great distance from the epicenter. Because magnitude of an earthquake can be determined only

through routine measurements made by seismographs, magnitude has become an important measure commonly reported on seismograms. The scale is logarithmic – This means that a factor of 10 difference-energy real earthquake corresponds to a difference of an integer in the range.

• WHAT ARE sunspots?

The dark spots on the surface of the Sun are called sunspots. These areas are locations for sudden changes in magnetic environment or "magnetic storms. They appear darker in contrast to the surrounding areas, hence the name.

• WHY IS a tractor exhaust BENT PIPE UP?

As the exhaust of an automobile are hot and tend to rise upward, a riser bending is the most natural, hi a tractor, the driver's seat is directly behind the engine and usually open. Thus, a backward-bending exhaust gases will play directly to the driver. The back of a tractor is bigger than your engine. Even a side-bent exhaust pipe has the same effect. Like a tractor farm has several attachments and a trailer, the exhaust pipe may be extended behind your rear tires under your chassis. A bulldozer works mainly in land accidents that could damage an exhaust pipe coming down from the chassis.

• WHAT IS A fuel cell technology?

fuel cell technology uses the fuel cell, a device for electrochemical energy conversion. The fuel cell converts hydrogen and oxygen in water, and the process that produces electricity with a fuel cell, chemicals constantly flow into the cell so that it will never dead – while there is a flow of chemicals into the cell, electricity flows out of the cell. Most fuel cells in use nowadays the use of hydrogen and oxygen as the chemicals.

• WHAT is the cause of delay in communications via Satellite?

The communications satellites are usually geosynchronous. In other words, these satellites have the same period as the revolution of the Earth – 24 hours. To achieve this, the satellite is launched at an altitude of 36,000 km from Earth. The messages sent through radio waves, travel distance to and fro. Radio waves are transmitted at the speed of light, around 3 lakh kms per second. Therefore, approximately one quarter a second is lost in traversing a distance between Earth and the satellite.

• What DID MAKE Luis Alvarez contribution to modern science?

The American physicist developed the linear accelerator in 1946, for which he won the Nobel Prize in 1968. He and his son, Walter, first proposed Since the mass extinction around the Jurassic – including the dinosaurs, was caused by the impact of a large object space.

• The WHAT IS caving?

It is the science that explores and studies caves found beneath the Earth's surface.

• The Which is of particular wave duality?

In classical physics, all physical phenomena of light, viz. reflection of a glazed surface refraction through a prism of interference when two or more light sources were put together and diffraction, the bending of light along the edge of an object, can be explained with the theory of waves. But this description is not valid for the microscopic world. In modern physics, light is made of discrete packets of energy.

• WHAT IS A Faraday cage?

The Faraday cage, also known as a Faraday Shield or screen, is a network of parallel wires connected to a common conductor at one end to provide electrostatic shielding without affecting electromagnetic waves. The common conductor is usually grounded. This attenuates an electrostatic field, designed to prevent the passage of electromagnetic waves, or containing or excluding them from your space interior. It is named after physicist Michael Faraday, who built the first in 1836.

• WHAT is a plane without a pilot?

A drone, usually a Mav (micro air vehicle), is one that is scheduled to go somewhere or do something on their own, or is it a plane piloted by remote control from the ground. Most of the pilotless aircraft are small in size. pilotless aircraft used for dangerous jobs, such as espionage or explore new places with a camera, which transmits the data back to the ground. They can be very useful as many are shot or accident, and thereby save the life of a real pilot.

• WHERE WAS THE FIRST SEASON INDIA electricity located?

The 4-5 megawatt hydroelectric Sivasamudram falls near the Cauvery in Karnataka was the first major power station in India. Owned by a small number of firms UK, was created by General Electric of the U.S.. It was commissioned in 1902, and its production was mainly destined for the Kolar gold mines, located about 90 miles distance much smaller power plants began operating earlier in different parts of India. The first small hydroelectric plant, a plant of 130 kilowatts, began operating in 1897 in Darjeeling.

• WHY is Venus the hottest planet Mercury is EVEN closer to the sun?

The degree of hotness of a planet does not depend so much on the proximity to the Sun in its atmosphere. Carbon dioxide has a tendency to absorb heat, which in turn increases the temperature. Mercury's atmosphere contains no carbon dioxide (since all heat is returned to space). Venus contains a high percentage dioxide carbon, because the planet is hotter.

• It IS true that the Sahara desert is expanding half a mile south each year?

In the 1970s and 1980s, it was reported that the Sahara was expanding south, with a rate of 5 km per year. But during the last decade USAs NOAA weather satellites observed that this "desertification" was a myth. Not as bad as previously suspected. Deserts reflect much of the global solar radiation in relation to the earth with vegetation (during the day without clouds). Satellites that measure reflected radiation daily from which the type of ground cover or grass can be inferred. Analyzing these data for several years, it was observed that the Sahara was not expanding.

• Truth IS IT that the Sahara desert stretches for a mile HALF every year?

It is true that the Sahara is expanding, but not just half a mile. Is extending at a rate of 30 km to the south a year! Its extension is engulfing degraded pastures. Due to extreme heat, vegetation the area is dying, which results in more of desertification. So each year the area of the Sahara desert is increasing and scientists are working out methods to stop or slow the speed of change. They say that if this continues, the whole of Africa will turn into a desert, one day. Global warming is also a major threat to the expansion of the Sahara.

• What is the smallest sub-atomic particles?

The smallest particle is the quark, the basic building block of hadrons. There are two types of hadrons: baryons (three quarks) and mesons (quark, an antiquark). Protons and neutrons are baryons stable. There is also leptons, a family of elementary particles, including electrons, muons, tauons and neutrinos. Neutrinos were originally believed to have zero mass, but they were found to have a very small mass, smaller than any subatomic particle. hadron head Calling someone 'is considered an insult among physicists.

• WHAT IS The Kuiper Belt?

The Kuiper Belt is disc-shaped belt of billions of small icy bodies orbiting the Sun beyond the orbit of Neptune, especially at distances 30-50 times the distance of Earth from the gift. Modern computer simulations show the Kuiper Belt have been strongly influenced by Jupiter and Neptune.

• WHAT is a "Nuclear Winter"?

The theory of nuclear winter, proposed by scientists in 1983 and subsequently established by U.S. National Research Council in 1984, says that if only half of Russia's nuclear weapons and U.S. public was about to explode, they would release such a huge amount of dust, smoke and soot in the atmosphere proper, where the sunlight is completely blocked. This will continue until these clouds cleared and therefore the Earth's temperature fall, creating a period of abnormal cold and darkness. A nuclear winter is also thought likely after a nuclear war. processes essential for life as photosynthesis would be fatally affected, endangering the plant and animal life.

• Why is a tractor BENT EXHAUST UP PIPE?

As the exhaust of an automobile are hot and tend to rise upward, upward bending a tube is the most natural, hi one tractor, the driver's seat is directly behind the engine and normally open. Thus, a retro-flexion of the exhaust pipe will play the exhaust directly to the driver. The back of a tractor is broader than its engine. Even a side-bent exhaust pipe has the same effect. As an agricultural tractor has a trailer and several annexes, the tube exhaust can not be extended behind his rear tires under your chassis. A bulldozer works, especially in terrain which might damage the exhaust pipe coming down from the chassis.

• WHAT Fuel Cell Technology?

fuel cell technology uses a fuel cell, a device for electrochemical energy conversion. The fuel cell converts hydrogen and oxygen into water, and in the process generating electricity with a fuel cell, chemicals constantly flow into the cell so it never goes dead – as there is a flow of substances chemicals in the cell, electricity flows out of the cell. Most fuel cells in use today use hydrogen and oxygen as chemicals.

• WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN IRON AND STEEL?

The difference is the percentage carbon, the main alloying element. Those irons containing less than 2% carbon, are known as steel, while those containing more carbon than 2% are known as pig iron. Pig iron Iron is obtained by pre-processing it with the hull of a blast furnace. This pig iron is then processed to reduce the carbon content in different ovens, for steels. These steels can be further processed, then the achievement of alloy steels, stainless steels, by adding elements such as silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, etc.

• WHAT AND HOW TO CRUSH depth is measured?

Crush or collapse depth is the depth of the ocean in a sunken submarine will collapse due to the surrounding water pressure. hull of a submarine is usually steel or alloy steel to increase the depth of diving submarines. This usually is mathematically calculated, but it is not always accurate.

• WHAT IS M-THEORY?

String theory is currently the most promising candidate for a unified theory. He describes particles Free vibrations in strings like in space and solves the problem of

incompatibility of the two fundamental theories (GR & FTQ). There is, however, five different string theories. The M-Theory is a theory that the five string theories are just different aspects. The M-Theory is a theory of 11 dimensions seems 10 dimensional at some points in its parameter space. Such a theory could have the fundamental object of a membrane instead of a string.

• Cycles Milankovitch WHAT ARE?

The Pleistocene period in Earth history, 1.8 million years to about 10,000 years ago, witnessed profound changes in Earth's climate is characterized by repeated glacial and interglacial events. There were as many as 30 glacial intervals during this period. Milutin Milankovitch, a Serbian astronomer and mathematician, calculated in 1930 that the Earth's orbital parameters change with frequency of about 1000.00 for 20,000 years. These were responsible by variations in solar radiation received from the surface causing glacial interglacial climate change. The exploitation of the seabed since 1960 has indeed, the periodicities identified above and showed some Milankovitch.

• WHAT ARE Milankovitch Cycles?

Astronomer Milutin Milankovitch developed the mathematical formulas that these orbital variations are based. He hypothesized that when some parts of the variations Cyclical are combined and occur simultaneously, they are responsible for major changes in Earth's climate (even ice ages). A 1976 study published in the journal Science examined deep-sea sediments and found that the theory Milankovich corresponded to periods of climate change. Actually, the ice ages had occurred when the Earth was going through different stages of orbital variation.

when was the first shuttle launched?

The first space shuttle Columbia was launched into space on April 12, 1981 and landed at Edward Air Force Base in California on April 14, 1981. Officially, it's called Space Transportation System (STS) and was the first reusable spacecraft. These buses carry payloads for scientific experiments, etc.

• THAT Place on Earth has never received any rain?

The Atacama Desert, distributed between the Pacific and the Andes in northern Chile has experienced rain in all its recorded history. Composed of salt

basins, sand and lava flows, which lacks vegetation or animal life. Its landscape is bleak

and Moon-like and has been used to simulate the moon's surface in some experiments. The weather station located Quillagua this wilderness recorded an average annual rainfall of only 0.5 mm during 1964-2001.

• WHAT IS CFC? How are they responsible for destruction of the ozone layer?

There is a layer of ozone in the area of 10 km to 50 km above the earth's surface. The ozone layer shields life on Earth from ultraviolet radiation from the sun. CFC represents chlorofluorocarbons used in refrigeration, air conditioning, aerosols, etc. When these gases rise the atmosphere and reach the ozone layer to destroy it. Over the past ten years, in particular, the debate was held again and again on this issue and were taken measures to correct the situation. Many nations agreed to discontinue the use and production of chloro-fluro carbons for the purpose of refrigeration and air conditioning.

• I read that the Sun will become a red giant after his PROVISION OF CONSUMPTION hydrogen. What will happen with THE SUN After this phase?

YES, according to astronomers, the Sun is about 5000 million years old, is expected to consume one thousand gift all the hydrogen in it and become a red giant. It will be so great that, then swallow even the planets around it. Then there will be no nuclear reactions, involving the vast supply of helium in it (formed from hydrogen) and the heavier elements. As a result, will become a white dwarf, a star of small radius. It is estimated that the radius will be hundred times smaller than the radius present. Slowly, it will lose its brightness and become a black dwarf. But stop worrying. Will have at least five billion years for that to happen.

• DIAMOND and coal are both carbon. So why only diamond SHINE?

Diamond is carbon in its purest form and is made of the same element as coal. But there is a difference. Diamonds are formed at locations at least 120 km below the surface land under enormous pressure from the rocks of the crust and above them. It is true that diamonds were found in levels above, below the earth's surface. But it is believed they also were originally trained and well below the highest points shifted due to soil erosion or glacial action. There are also black diamonds. They are not used as "precious stones, but are useful in the manufacture of cutting tools in the industry.

• WHAT THERE between Earth and Mars?

Surrounds the earth is its atmosphere. Then there is space. Again like his spaceship approaches Mars he will have to pass through the Martian atmosphere. Unlike the Moon, Mars has an atmosphere.

• What is the alternative to oil? DA Where we are our energy needs when the oil resources are depleted?

Described above is one such resource: solar energy. Cars that run ^ On batteries, charged by exposing them to sunlight, already exist. You should be aware that nuclear reactors are also being established around the world. Many Scientists have expressed the possibility of using hydrogen as fuel. We have yet to find a cheap way to separate hydrogen from water has two atoms hydrogen and oxygen in its molecule. In Holland and Denmark, the energy is being produced from windmills. In countries like. Japan, the energy is being produced on a small scale from tidal waves. Hopefully, the generation of tomorrow will learn to meet their energy needs.

• Why is there NO gravitational force on the moon?

The moon has gravitational force as well. The gravitational force exerted by a body depends on its mass. The gravitational pull of the Moon is about one-sixth the gravitational pull of Earth.

• What is the number MACH?

The Mach number in aerodynamics and fluid mechanics, is the relationship between the speed of an object through a gas (fluid or liquid) to the speed of sound in the fluid. The Mach number is named after the Austrian physicist and philosopher Ernst Mach. An airplane traveling at less than Mach 1 is traveling at subsonic speeds at around Mach 1, transonic, or roughly the speed of sound and greater than Mach 1, at supersonic speeds.

• What is a MACH number?

• What is the Chandrashekar limit?

The upper limit of 1.44 times the solar mass (or mass of the Sun) of a star end its life as a white dwarf star, is known as the Chandrashekar Limit. This is the basic principle for determining the future of a star after the red giant phase. The stars with a mass more than 1.44 times the mass Solar passing through supernova explosions and end their lives as neutron stars or black holes. This limit was discovered by the Indian astrophysicist S

Chandrashekar and therefore was named after him.

What is the planetary albedo?

planetary albedo is the fraction of incident light reflected from a surface. A shiny surface, like ice or snow, has a very high albedo (near 1, representing a total reflection), while a surface dark, like coal or soot, has a very low. albedo (about 0, which represents the complete absorption). In the solar system, the Moon, which has a surface bare rock, has an average albedo of 0.12 (reflects 12 percent of the light that hits it). The Earth, which is partly covered with clouds, has an average albedo of 0.37, while the albedo of Venus, which is completely covered with clouds, is O.65.

• What is the Chandrasekhar limit?

In the 1930s Subramanya Chandrasekhar, now recognized as the founder of relativistic astrophysics, addressing the important question: What happens to a star after had burned all its nuclear fuel? Chadrasekhar response was that it depends on the mass of the nucleus left behind burned. If the mass of this nucleus (you mind, not the mass of the star shining) is less than 1.4 times the mass of the Sun, the core will retire as a white dwarf star. Immediately above this limit, say up to three times the solar mass, the core will become a neutron star. If the mass of the nucleus is even larger, a black hole is formed. In common Shining Star, the gravitational force is balanced by nuclear reactions. In white dwarfs and neutron stars, by quantum forces complex. In a black hole, gravitation dominates. For this pioneering work Belatedly Chandrasekhar received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1983.

• How many people walk on moon?

Only twelve people have walked oh Moon, each on a single mission. Nobody walked on the lunar surface since 1972. Astronauts sort are: Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin, Charles Conrad, Alan Bean, Alan Shepard, Edgar Mitchell, David Scott, James Irwin, John Young, Charles Duke, Eugene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt.

• It's a ray of light visible in a vacuum?

No, the light rays can not be viewed in a vacuum. When a ray of light enters a room and closed through a dark opening, the light is scattered by dust particles suspended in air, and thus see the path of the beam We really see dust particles that fall into substance that can scatter light. This explains the dark space, although there are many sources of light. We can see only light sources and falling objects in the path of the rays.

• On what principle does a ALTIMETER?

There are basically Two types of pressure altimeters altimeters altimeters and radio. Pressure altimeters are calibrated aneroid barometer to indicate the altitude in time pressure. It is based on the principle of falling atmospheric pressure with height growth. The capsules of corrugated cardboard inside the envelope expansion to gain height. This expansion is amplified with the help of gears and levers to move the pointer over the button. The pressure to mean sea level is 1013.2 millibars or 29.92 inches of mercury, which is taken as zero altitude and there is a decline of 1 millibar for every 32 feet (approximately), the gain in height. The instrument is calibrated in accordance to indicate loss / gain in pressure in terms of time gained or lost. Depending on the set pressure or reference, the instrument reads altitude (above MSL) altitude or absolute altitude (above ground level – AGL). A radio altimeter radar is a help, which is only effective from 20 m to 2500 m. He is basically used as a proximity warning system of the soil in mountainous terrain.

WHAT ARE the PSEUDOHALOGENS?

Pseudohalogens are groups formed by combining two or more block elements P (in the periodic table), with one unit of negative charge for example, CN (CN Minus) cyanide group combination carbon and nitrogen with no negative charge. Pseudohalogens as they are called covalent compounds form complexes similar to halogens, the 17 group members in the periodic table. They differ from halogens as they are able to polymerize unlike halogens and their complexes are paramagnetic.

• HOW DOES INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION manage their needs for water and oxygen?

The ISS Environmental Control and Support Life System (ECLSS) assists in the management of water and oxygen for astronauts. The ECLSS Water Recycling System (WRS) recovers the waste water cell fuel the shuttle, urine, oral hygiene and handwashing, and by condensation of moisture in the air. Without such careful recycling 40,000 pounds per year of water Land would be needed to replenish a minimum of four crew members for the life of the station. The main source of oxygen is the electrolysis of water, followed by oxygen in a pressurized storage tank. Hydrogen left over from splitting water is released into space. ECLSS rack hardware, there a machine that combines hydrogen with carbon dioxide from the air in a chemical reaction that produces water and methane.

• HOW ZERO GRAVITY IS created on earth?

conditions result in zero gravity weightlessness and the body begins to float in a closed space. A more accurate term is microgravity or a C-9B aircraft reduced gravity NASA and Zero Gravity Corporation Boeing 727 modified to create these conditions, flying time, parabolic arcs. By changing the flight path, they are able to create different values of g-force and therefore different degrees of apparent severity. More people are experiencing these conditions to prepare for space tourism or adventure.

• WHAT IS THE NAME OF PLANET X?

The tenth planet in the solar system was discovered recently. Now, it's about 97 times more sun than Earth and is the object most distant known solar system. Mike Brown (California Institute of Technology), along with colleagues Chad Trujillo (Gemini Observatory, Hawaii) and David Rabinowitz (Yale University) has discovered. It goes with the temporary name of 2003UB313, a new name was proposed for the International Astronomical Union.

• WHAT EFFECT ocean currents over time from Earth?

Ocean water and currents affect the climate. Because it takes much more energy to change the temperature water than land or air, the water heats and cools more slowly than either. As a result, inland climates are subject to temperature ranges more extreme coastal climate, which are insulated by nearby water. superficial layer of the oceans, then the surface currents move a lot of heat, absorbs more than half the heat that reaches the Earth from the sun. Currents that originate near the equator are warm, flowing currents of the poles are cold.

• Why do stars TWINKLE AT NIGHT?

Stars seem to blink or change your brightness all the time. Indeed, most stars shine with a constant light. The movement of air (sometimes called turbulence) in Earth's atmosphere causes the starlight to get a little bent as it travels from the star far through the atmosphere for us on the floor. Part of the light reaching us directly, but some are slightly bent. This gives the illusion of flashing. Nearest Stars the horizon looks brighter than others. This is because the atmosphere is much denser near the horizon than that between the Earth and a star high in the sky.

• How do we know about the existence of planets millions of miles away U.S.?

Planets like Pluto at the edge of our solar system can be viewed and photographed by powerful optical telescopes. distant extrasolar planets many light years away from our sun, can not be captured even by high-resolution telescopes. Big planets orbiting close to a star can carry a very small gravitational pull on the star. This causes minutes in an oscillating rotation of the progenitor star can be detected by highly sensitive monitors spectroscope. The existence of the planet may well be viewed only indirectly.

• HOW TO REPORT astronauts in space?

• HOW IS ZERO simulated gravity?

Simulation of zero gravity while still inside the strength of Earth's gravity is performed similarly to that of an artificial satellite. When a body moves in a circular path, experiences centrifugal force acting on it. This force points radially outward and depends on the speed and radius of the trajectory. Given this factor, if a plane flies in a circular path of the arc, then passengers experience a centrifugal force pointing outward from the earth. At a certain speed, this force exactly counterbalances gravity and seriousness of the passengers or experience zero gravity.

• How satellites are currently revolving around the earth?

Although nothing in Earth orbit is technically called a satellite, the term is generally used to describe a useful object placed in orbit purposely to perform any mission or task. Approximately 23,000 items of space debris objects that were inadvertently placed in orbit or have outlived their usefulness is floating above the Earth. The actual number varies depending on which agency is counting. Pay loads entering the wrong orbit satellites with run-down batteries, and leftover rocket, all contributes to the count. This count is almost 26,000.

• WHY Some people have red eye in the photographs?

Light, usually from a camera flash, enter the person's eyes and reflects back to the lens. The red color comes from the color the retina that is lined with blood vessels. To avoid the "red eye", the return of the light chain should be stopped. The most effective way is to use Indirect lighting or off camera, which causes the reflection from the eye to deviate "^ the lens. Another remedy is to reduce the size of the pupils of eyes its object, preventing the syndrome of bouncing back. That is why some camera models of fire from one or more pre-flashes before taking a picture, the flashes are designed to lower to adjust the eyes to bright light, reducing the pupil size.

• What is the composition of sand?

1. Sand is a non-cohesive granular material, which comes loose rocks, as a result of attrition of larger pieces of rock by water or wind, weather conditions favorable. The composition of the sand depends on the parent rock, the most common minerals are silica and feldspar. Less common are iron minerals. Silica comes in the form quartz and feldspar is plagioclase. Additional mineral fragments are rare and include muscovite, chlorite, epidote, garnet and zircon. Some sand deposits may contain magnetite, glauconite or gypsum. Sands rich in magnetite are dark in color, while the rich in gypsum have a green tint.

• What is the origin Monsoon word?

The word monsoon comes from the Arabic word meaning mausim time. Following the emergence of annual floods, which indicates a sharp change of time, gradually became mausim monsoon.

• WHAT ARE fullerenes?

Fullerenes are one of the three allotropes (same element in two or more forms) of carbon. The other two are diamond and graphite. Scientists Kroto, Curl and Smalley discovered fullerenes at Rice University in September 1985. One of Fullerene – Buckminsterfullerene – consists of 60 carbon atoms linked together to form a molecule C60 almost spherical hexagons together (20) and pentagons (12). The bonds have the same structure as the panels on a soccer ball. Fullerenes can be prepared by passing an electric discharge through the graphite rods in a helium atmosphere. It is now known that a buckminsterfullerene is likely to be formed in flames soot.

• WHAT IS microlensing?

According to Einstein's theory of general relativity, light has mass. When light passes near a massive object, he is attracted to him and changes direction for him. Therefore, when an astronomical body is between Earth and another larger, more distant astronomical object, the light coming to earth of the body is focused on distant land because of the gravitational attraction of the body intermediate This is somewhat similar to concentrate sunlight on a piece of paper through a lens, and therefore called microlensing astronomical. Astronomers use microlensing in the search for new planets, and observe distant, faint objects and neutron stars.

• WHAT is the memory of water? ,

The water is said that the power of memory – if certain chemicals are dissolved in water and then completely removed through a chemical process, water may still retain some properties of dissolved chemicals. Although this concept seems difficult to accept or understand, the French scientist Jacques Benveniste, allegedly proved it. However, other scientists can never replicate the experience.

• WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A second generation and third-generation technology?

The main difference between second generation (2G) and third generation (3G) technology is data. 2G services were developed primarily with voice in mind, but are capable of providing relatively low (14.4 kbps) Speed data services. Most U.S. service providers offer some data services, including limited access to the Internet wirelessly. For 3G data speeds are expected to be much larger, up to 2 Mbps in fixed applications and 384 kbps for mobile applications. This will support advanced features, including streaming audio and video, remote access to databases of the company, and a wide variety of entertainment and information services. 3G will also support a number of devices, including phones, personal digital assistants and laptops.

• WHAT IS the meaning of the red rain?

Five years ago, the crimson rain was reported in a town called Chenganacherry in Kottayam district of Kerala. Research scientists at Mahatma Gandhi University in Kerala investigated this peculiar phenomenon and discovered that the rain contained cell-like particles, which they claim, are not of earth but of outer space. The conjecture scientists that a comet exploded over the sky caused the explosion that created the air red rain

• WHY Horsepower is called so?

When the steam engine began to work the horses in the mines during the early 1800s, owners Mine started to ask how many horsepower of an engine it replaces. James Watt, who invented the steam engine, he discovered a mathematical way to chart the horse power engine. Thus, the power of the term was invented. Watt measured the ability of a great horse to pull a load and found that he could take a weight of 150 pounds walking the 2.5 km per hour. This works out to 33 thousand feet pounds per minute or 550 foot-pounds per second.

• WHAT is liquid oxygen used for?

• Who invented the escalator?

The basic mechanism of an escalator was f. invented by Jess W Reno "the U.S. in 1881. It was primarily used for riding on masts of wooden poles or iron vessels to attach ropes or belts supporting the sails. The escalator 'name' was applied to a ladder moving in 1900and first shown at an exhibition in Paris. Charles Seeberger, with a company called Otis Elevator Company, built the first commercial escalator.

• WHY IS THE DAWN MISSION NASA meaningful?

The Dawn mission is important because it will study Vesta and Ceres, two of the largest asteroids in our solar system in a belt between Mars and Jupiter. The probe is scheduled for release in July 2007 and will capture images of the surface of asteroids and probe the composition, density and magnetism. The project has nearly collapsed due to cost considerations, but has a new lease of life recently

• HOW DOES THE WARNING SYSTEM proximity of the soil a paper airplane?

Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) is designed to alert pilots when their aircraft is in immediate danger of Hying the ground. Another common name is Ground Collision Warning System. Don Bateman is credited with inventing GPWS. This system controls the aircraft's height above the ground determined by the radio altimeter. A computer tracks these readings, calculates trends, and warns the captain with visual and audio, if the aircraft exceeds certain thresholds or settings defined fly also known as modes. The modes are: excessive descent rate, excessive. Closing rate of terrain, altitude loss after takeoff, the deviation of discharge dangerous terrain and excessive Glidescope below. Corrective action is then taken.

• WHAT IS pyrometer?

A pyrometer, invented by Josiah Wedgwood, is an instrument to measure relatively high temperatures, such as a furnace. Many pyrometers work by measuring Radiation whose body temperature should be measured. There is another device known as the optical pyrometer. It measures the temperature of glowing bodies, comparing them visually with an incandescent filament of known temperature. Another type is the resistance pyrometer in which a thin wire in contact with the object and its temperature is determined by measuring the electrical resistance.

• WHAT is the white coal?

Coal is a white type of fuel produced by drying of lumber during a fire. Differs from coal, which is the charcoal carbonized White was used in England to melt lead ore from the mid-16th to the late 17th century. It produces more heat, but less than coal and thus prevents lead evaporation. White coal was produced in wells with a distinctive circular canal, known as Q-pits They are often found in the woods 7f South Yorkshire.

• WHAT IS THE MEANING OF geostationary satellites?

A geostationary satellite, a satellite, which moves in space with the same speed and same direction as Earth. As a result, its position is fixed in relation to any place on earth.

• If the Sun is a star, why not TWINKLE?

The sun is an ordinary star. There are stars, many times greater than the sun. What you see twinkling stars are so far away that their light takes thousands of years to reach us. Even the light from the nearest star, Proxima Centauri, takes about three to four years to reach us. The light from the stars seem to blink as it comes through the constant movement of air currents around the earth. The sun does not shine, because is very near us, only about 150 million kilometers.

• As the OZONE LAYER get depleted?

The ozone layer is depleted because of chemicals released into the atmosphere by man, especially carbon chlorofluorocarbons used in industry refrigeration and air conditioning.

• WHAT is a transducer?

A transducer is a subject for engineers instrumentation to convert a physical action into an electrical signal equivalent.

• WHAT is an exothermic reaction?

Exothermic is an adjective pertaining to a chemical change that is accompanied by the release of energy as heat.

• What are conic sections?

In geometry, the circle, ellipse, parabola, hyperbole and a pair of straight lines are called conic sections such as these geometric entities can be obtained by slicing a cone.

• WHAT IS MARCODONTIA?

It is a rare case of unusually large teeth found in other normal person.

• WHAT is residual Stress?

It is an effort of metal on a microscopic scale, resulting from thermal variations and non-uniform deformation plassic.

• The IT IS a GM counter?

GM counter or Geiger-Mueller is an instrument used to measure radioactivity. It is a cylindrical structure filled with inert gas and a central wire maintained at ultra-high voltage. The colliding radiationionises of inert gas and a shower creates a charged particle. This amendment may have electronic devices, such as a computer.

• Flower that is known as the flower of the night?

The flower a type of cactus called orchid cactus (Epiphyllum oxypetallum), is known as the "flower of the night" or the "queen of the night." This cactus is native to Central and South America has what appear to be flat leaves that are actually due in the flower blooms directly in Greek, epiphyllum "means" on top of the sheet. "This cactus blossoms once a year, and the flower opens only for one night. When the flowers bloom, it populates the environment with a strong smell, hence the name.

• WHAT is the theorem GODEPS?

Austrian-born American mathematician Kurt Gödel proved that in a strict logical mathematical system there are certain issues that can neither be proved nor be disproved on the basis of the axioms of the system. Gödel's theorem, in essence, goes beyond the sphere of.

• YOU KNOW THE MEANING OF chirality?

If the mirror image of an object is natural than the object itself, the object is called chiral / objects. A perfect sphere is not chiral. Scientists are studying the basic building blocks of matter to understand the fundamental reason for this amazing establishment.

• There is something yellow on the Yellow Sea?

The Yellow Sea is an arm of the Pacific Ocean that extends from the interior to about 400 km between the east coast of China and Korea. The Chinese named this area Hal Huang (Yellow Sea), because the waters along the banks are a yellow muddy. The river carries soil deposits Huang (Yellow huangtu) to the Yellow Sea, so that gets its name.

• WHAT IS BLACK on the black sea?

The deep waters of the Black Sea is supposed to be darker than normal seawater, because the Black Sea rich concentration of microalgae. Moreover, the Black Sea was named in ancient times, perhaps because it was very stormy and therefore difficult to navigate. Was considered a sea inhospitable because barbarians occupied its banks. According to another theory, the Black Sea is so called because it is on the north side of the Mediterranean Sea, and in ancient times, the color black was used to mark time in the North.

• There anything about the sea RED RED?

The Red Sea is not actually red. The Red Sea, located between the African coast and Arabia Arabia, contains a type of algae called Trichodesmium eythraeum. As they die, their remains end up on the ocean floor. Changes its color to reddish brown and it gives the sea a RED 'COR.

• What is unique ABOUT ORION SPACE vehicle?

Is the new Orion moonship that NASA plans to develop. This was revealed when U.S. astronaut Jeff Williams inadvertently mentioned the name of the vehicle while taping a message for a while the space agency floating 354 kilometers above Earth in the International Space Station. She was sent by accident in space-ground radio.

• WHAT IS PUFFER MACHINE?

A puffer machine, formally called the explosives detection trace portal, is a safety device detecting explosives at airports and other sensitive installations. The machine operates by releasing jets of air for several passengers standing on the machine. Explosions cold air are felt by the passenger, but not painful or harmful. The goal of the series of blasts of air is the release of microscopic particles for air, like gunpowder residue or bomb-making materials, which would then be detected by machine. If these particles are suspects, passengers may be retained for further selection. The whole process takes about 15 seconds.

• WHY is the trajectory Pluto DIFFERENT ALL other planets?

The peculiarity of the trajectory of Pluto is that both his eccentricity and inclination to ecliptic, the plane approached in the orbits of other planets are, are extremely high. As Pluto was only discovered in 1930, astronomers do not were able to fully explain the peculiarity of its orbit. The hypothesis that was originally a moon of Neptune, and then escaped the gravity of Neptune in 1978, when Pluto's moon, Charon, was discovered, new theories have been proposed regarding the origin of both Pluto and Charon. It is now believed that * both were formed independently, but after some time there was a collision between Pluto and Charon original. From the debris of the collision,

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